M.COM ORGANISATION BEHAVIOUR

Some decades back organizations were very simple, and the business were only local and were not done on international level. So, therefore, managing the organizations was quite easy and much much simpler than now. The people in the organizations used to be mostly males and of the same origin and background which means that the personnel or the workforce then was not as diverse as now. The new millennium has started and the competition these days has increased tremendously. Every firm and organization tries to compete with others. But firms can have an advantage over its competitors by having better people and personnel. So, as the competition increases emphasis on better and better personnel in an organization increases. Therefore, training better people and workers has become the main concern and issue for the managers. Managers and directors adopt established and new innovative techniques to lift the performance of their workers. So, there is when the importance of organizational Behavior comes into play. Organizational Behavior is simply “a way of managing the people and workers”

CHALLENGES FACED BY THE MANAGEMENT:

Today’s management faces many challenges and difficulties.   Some of the challenges facing management are downsizing, reengineering, knowledge and information explosion, global competition and total quality management. All these factors that are creating difficulties for the management and administrations of the companies can be called the new environment. So, every management has to cope with these difficulties.

THE NEW ENVIRONMENT:
The new environment; Globalization, Information technology, total quality and diversity and ethics: 1.

1. Globalization

Due to the advancements in transportation and development in the field of science the world has become a smaller place and this is called globalization or global village where transporting goods and transmitting information is done in a very shorter period of time than a century ago. So, these advancements have made the world a smaller place and now companies can send and sell their services and products even to far away lands and areas.

2. Information Technology

The other major environmental development is that of the computers which poses a challenge to the management of organizations today. In other words, to perform better organizations must employ new technologies and inventions to remain competitive. As the advancements are so much in this field, organizations have to update their knowledge every few months later to a have knowledge of new software and equipments which is a problem and more importantly the organizations have to employee people that can use these new techniques and machines and training and employing these people is a very difficult thing to do.

3. Total Quality

Besides other factors the quality of products is given a great deal of importance, due to many choices the customers have, which means that the products and services of the organization has to be of good quality to compete. And this is another headache for the managers. Recently, beside other marketing activities companies should make their products and services so that it must have a better quality to be a success in the market, which increases the responsibilities of any management and people involved in it.

4. Diversity and ethics

Diversity means, that nowadays in an organization, people come from different parts of the world with different places and cultures with different ages, backgrounds, religions, ethnicities and values and norms. And managers should keep this in mind that the organization should be designed so that there should be no discrimination on the basis of gender, ethnicity or religion. So, formulating and maintaining such rules, policies and environment in an organization is difficult for its management.

What can be done?
The answer to all the challenges faced by organizations is simple!

“People can be used as a competitive advantage over the others.”

As nowadays all the organizations have the techniques and technologies exposed and available to them and most the organizations have the same factors to face with the same financial resources and same technologies. So, the only way these organizations can perform better than others (their competitors) is by having better personnel and expert workers. Efficient personnel can be strength of any organization in an environment where competition is cut throat and very tough. Organizations can have better workers to give them an advantage or edge over their competitors. How to train develop and maintain good personnel is very basic question for managements all over the world. And studies to understand and take the best out of the workers, is provided by a very new field of science the study of Organizational behavior (OB).

UNDERGOING A PARADIGM SHIFT:

Paradigm means a broad model, a framework, a way of thinking, or a scheme of understanding reality. The impact of internationalization, information technology, total quality and diversity has lead to a “Paradigm shift” in organizations. In other words, as the environment has changed tremendously and these factors have also affected the type and style of management in organizations, so, for todays and tomorrow’s organizations and management, there are new rules with different boundaries requiring new and different behavior inside the boundaries for organizations and management to be successful. And these changes and transformations in the management and structures of the organizations are called the “Paradigm Shift”
So, the factors like diversity, total quality, information technology, downsizing, internationalization and globalization have brought a paradigm shift in the organizations all over the globe.
EXAMPLES:

1. At first most organizations used type writers and conventional approaches but due to the advancements in the field of computers, the organizations and firms felt a need to change their approach and replace type writers with computers for word processing due to their many benefits and advantages.

2. Similarly, management systems had to be changed and a need was felt to leave the useless old systems aside and move to new approach to management systems. These new management techniques makes use of the technologies like computers an many other new equipments. So, this shift or transfer from one set to another is called a “Paradigm shift”.

PARADIGM EFFECT:
When a “Paradigm shift” takes place there is real controversy and disagreement in the organization, often involving large restructuring and extensive redesigning of the whole organization or of the entire community or under conditions of great uncertainty and doubt which is called the “Paradigm Effect”.

In the time of a paradigm shirt there is always a resistance to the changes by many people and they don’t want to change the old rules and models with new ones and want to follow the old set of rules and regulations. But other want the change to take place and this condition of disagreement and conflict is called paradigm effect.

DEFINING ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (OB)

Organizational behavior has emerged about a couple of decades ago. OB is a theoretical subject and field of science. Or in other words OB tends to be more theoretically oriented and at the micro level of analysis. Specifically, OB draws from many theoretical frameworks of the behavioral sciences that are focused at understanding and explaining individual and group behavior in organizations. So OB can be defined as;

“It is an attempt to replace all the management with behavioral science concepts and techniques”.
                  Or much more comprehensive definition can be;           
“Organizational Behavior is the science which tries to understand, predict and manage the human behavior in an organization”

EXPANATION:

Organizational Behavior represents the behavioral approach to management, not the whole management. It works on the principles and knowledge of Psychology. OB has its basis from the Industrial psychology. But it is not the new version of translation of industrial Psychology. It has its own grounds of study. Simply, to put it in a few words Organizational behavior is the science which makes an easy and better management of the human resources to perform better.

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