Meaning
of delegation of authority
All activities are not performed by one person.
Authority should be provided to the subordinates too. Process of transferring
authority and creation of responsibility between superior and subordinates to
accomplish a certain task is called delegation of authority. It can take place
without decentralization. It can be withdrawn by delegator at any time. It
minimizes the burden of managers of unit, departments or plant. Relationship is
between superior and immediate subordinates are indicated. It is technique of
management used to get the things done through others. It is confined to
manager and subordinates. Authority is only delegated, not responsibilities.
Very important to management process Control remains in hand of superior who
supervise the activities of subordinates. It is an art of management science.
When authority is not given to subordinates there is no performance. Delegation
is the process of sharing power and work (deliver the power from one to
another).
Principles of delegation of authority
1. Principle of parity of authority and
responsibility- parity of authority and responsibility is one of the important
principles of delegation of authority. There is equality in assigned task and
power to do the work. Authority to the subordinates is given by the superior on
the basis of assigned task. So Authority to the subordinates is given nether
more or less than the task otherwise there can be improper utilization of
authority and mismanagement of task.
2. Principle of absoluteness of responsibility-
according to it, responsibility can’t be delegated. Only authority can be
delegated. The person who delegates authority is himself responsible for his
seniors.
3. Principle of unity of command- according to it,
subordinates must be commanded by one superior; they should take their task
from one superior and should be accountable from their responsibility toward
the superior level of operation
4. Principle of functional definition of authority
and responsibility- as per this principle. Duties and task assigned by the
superior and the authority given to fulfill the task should be clearly
explained and decided. But this subordinates can know about the limit of one’s
right, duties and responsibility.
5. The scalar chain- according to it, authority
flows from top to bottom. So that scalar chain is the basis of relationship
between the superior and subordinates. It emphasizes the relation between
superior and subordinates by which delegation will be easier.
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